THE SOMERSETT SITE

An archaeological portrait of an Ulster-Scots habitation on the Maine frontier

PAMELA CRANE

The following pages are reproduced from: “1718-2018, Reflections on 300 years of the Scots- Irish in Maine”
printed following the academic conference held at Bowdoin College, Maine in August 2018.
© 2019 Maine Ulster-Scots Project and the Ulster-Scots Agency

PART 7

FOOTNOTES & BIBLIOGRAPHY

1 Jane McFadden, deposition before the Pejepscot and Kennebec Proprietors , in Charles Edwin Allen 1977, History of Dresden, Maine, pp. 67-68.

2 “Andrew McFadden (1675-1758),” GENi, https://www.geni.com/people/AndrewMcFadden/6000000002741970989, accessed 16 November 2018.

3 “Jane McFadden (Lindsay) (1687-1776),” GENi, https://www.geni.com/people/Jane-McFadden/6000000002741972004, accessed 16 November 2018

4 James Deetz 1977, In Small Things Forgotten, p.5.

5 York County Registry of Deeds, volume 15, folio 266 dated 26 December 1728; York County Registry of Deeds, volume 16, folio 68 and 69, dated 15 November 1733.

6 David Hackett Fisher 1989, Albion’s Seed Four British Folkways in America, p. 6

7 Alan Gailey 1984. Rural Houses of the North of Ireland. pages 17, 23

8 Cary Carson, Norman F. Barka, William M. Kelso, Garry Wheeler Stone, and Dell Upton 1981. “Impermanent Architecture in the Southern American Colonies.”

9 Emerson W. Baker, Robert L. Bradley, Leon Cranmer and Neill DePaoli 1992, “Earthfast Constuction in Early Maine.”

10 Orloff G. Miller 1991. Archaeological Investigations at Salterstown. Ph.D. dissertation. pp. 320-338.

11 Hume 1969, pp. 233-234.

12 Ivor Noël Hume 1969, pp. 274-275.

13 Robert L. Bradley and Helen B. Camp 1994, The Forts of Pemaquid, Maine, pp. 211-212, 217-219.

14 Nancy Kenmotsu 1990, “Gunflints: A Study,” pp. 200-201; Hume 1969, pp. 219-220.

15 Personal communication, Molly O’Guinness Carlson, Archaeological Conservator, Head of Tide Conservation, 15 February 2015.

16 Mary Beaudry, Janet Long, Henry M. Miller, Fraser D. Neiman, and Gary Wheeler Stone 1983, “A Vessel Typology for Early Chesapeake Ceramics,” pp. 18-43. 17 Hume 1969, 102, 133-134; Peter C. D. Brears 1971, The English Country Pottery, pp. 175-177; C. Malcom Watkins 1960, North Devon Pottery and its Export to America, pp. 22, 27.

18 Beaudry et al 1983, p. 36.

19 Beaudry et al 1983, p. 30.

20 Personal communication, Alaric Faulkner, Department of Anthropology, September 1992.

21 Naomi Grace Riddeford 2016, Pollen analysis results Andrew and Jane McFadden Homestead; Nancy Asch Sidell 2016, Somersett Site (ME 049-002): Plant Remains.

22 Ellen Ruth Cowie 2002, Continuity and Change at Contact-Period Norridgewock, pp. 318-320.

23 Joan Thirsk 2006, Food in Early Modern England, pp. 8, 17, 285, 290, and 314.

24 M. (Margaret) Grieve 1971, A Common Herbal, 1, pp. 365, 366.

25 Olive Jones 1971, “Glass Bottle Push-Ups and Pontil Marks,” p. 68.

26 Jessica M. Dolan 2007, “Ochtrinil’s Legacy: Irish Women’s Knowledge of Medical Plants,” p. 378; Grieve 1971, p. 218.

27 Martha Ballard , (Robert R. McCausland and Cynthia MacAlman McCausland, editors), Martha Ballard, her Diary 1785-1812, 1992, p. 299; Grieve 1971, pp. 640-642; Maloney 1972, 75.

28 Maloney 1972, pp. 75, 78.

29 Ballard 1992, p. 723; Grieve 1971, pp. 258, 258; Maloney 1972, pp. 71, 72, 74, 75; Moloney 1919, p. 39.

30 Ballard 1992, p. 723; Grieve 1971, pp. 258, 259; Maloney 1972, pp. 71, 72, 74, 75; Moloney 1919, pp. 39.

31 Ballard 1992, p. 47; Dolan 2007, pp. 299, 374, 488; Grieve 1971, pp. 215-218.

32 Ballard 1992, pp. 80, 174, 391, 488, 840.

33 Gieve 1971, pp. 207, 207; Maloney 1972, p. 74; Molony 1919, p. 20.

34 Richard Barnett 2011, The Book of Gin, pp. 4, 7, 45.

35 Ballard 1992, p. 604.

36 Alaric Faulkner and Gretchen 1987, The French at Pentagoet 1635-1674, p. 165.

37 Hume 1969, p. 296.

38 Iain Walker 1977, Clay Tobacco Pipes, pp. 25, 30.

39 Walker 1977, p. 30.

40 Walker 1977, p. 43.

41 Walker 1977, p. 3.

42 L. T. Alexander 1963, p. 205-206.

43 Hume 1969, p. 302.

44 R. Price 1984, p. 5.

45 Bradley and Camp 1994, pp. 102-103; Leith Smith, Maine Historic Preservation Commission, 29 August 2016; Pamela Crane, The Historical Archaeology of the Norridgewock Mission, p. 178.

46 Bradley and Camp 1994, p. 103.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Alexander, L. T. (1963) “Clay Tobacco Smoking Pipes from the Caleb Pusey House.” The Archaeology of the Clay Tobacco Pipe, Peter Davey, editor, vol. 8, America, British Archaeological Reports, Oxford, Number 175:205-206.

Allen, Charles Edwin (1977) History of Dresden, Maine : formerly a part of the old town of Pownalborough, from its earliest settlement to the year 1900. Kennebec Journal Print Shop, Augusta, Maine.

Baker, Emerson W. (2015) A Storm of Witchcraft the Salem Trials and the American Experience, Oxford University Press, Oxford 

Baker, Emerson W., Robert L. Bradley, Leon Cranmer, and Neil DePaoli, (1992). “Earthfast Architecture in Early Maine.” Paper presented at the Vernacular Architecture Forum, Portsmouth New Hampshire. Virtual Norumbega, http://w3.salemstate.edu/~ebaker/earthfast/earthfastpaper.

Barnett, Richard (2011) The Book of Gin, Grove Press, New York.

Beaudry, Mary C., Janet Long, Henry M. Miller, Fraser D. Neuman, and Gary Stone Wheeler (1983). “A Vessel Typology for Early Chesapeake Ceramics: the Potomac Typological System.” Historical Archaeology, vol. 17(1):18-43.

Bibber, Joyce K. (2000) A Home for Every Man: the Greed Revival and Maine Domestic Architecture, Greater Portland Landmarks, Portland Maine.

Bolton, Charles Knowles (1910 ) Scotch Irish Pioneers of Ulster and America, Bacon & Brown, Boston.

Bradley, Robert L. and Helen B. Camp (1994) “The Forts of Pemaquid, Maine: An Archaeological and Historical Study”, Occasional Papers in Maine Archaeology Number Ten, The Maine Historical Preservation, Augusta, Maine.

Brears, P. C. D. (1971) The English Country Pottery: Its History and Techniques, Charles E. Tuttle and Company, Rutland, Vermont.

Carson, Cary, Nirnan F. Barka, William M. Kelso, Gary Wheeler Stone, and Dell Upton (1981) “Impermanent Architecture in the Souther Colonies,” Winterthur Portfolio, vol 16, (number 2 and 3, summer and autumn):135-196. mpermann.

Cowie, Ellen Ruth (2002) “Continuity and change at contact-period Norridgewock”, Thesis (Ph. D.), University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh.

Crane, Pamela (1997) “The Historical Archaeology of the Norridgewock Mission”, Thesis (Master’s), University of Maine, Orono.

Deetz, James (1977) In Small Things Forgotten: The Archaeology of Early American Life, Doubleday, Anchor Books, New York. 

Dolan, Jessica M. (2007) “Ochtrinil’s Legacy: Irish Women’s Knowledge of Medicinal Plants.” Harvard Papers in Botany, vol 12 (2): 369-386. 

Evans, E. Estyn (1949) “Old Ireland and New England.” The Ulster Journal of Archaeology, 3rd series, vol 12:104-112.

Faulkner, Alaric and Gretchen Faulkner (1987) “The French at Pentagoet 1635-1674, an Archaeological Portrait of the Acadian Frontier”, Occasional Publications in Maine Archaeology Number Five, Maine Historical Preservation, Augusta, Maine.

Fischer, David Hackett (1989) Albion’s Seed: Four British Folkways in America, Oxford University Press, New York.

Gailey, Alan (1984) Rural Houses of the North of Ireland, John Donald Publishers LTD, Edinburgh

Grieve, Mrs. M. (Margaret) (1971) A Modern Hebal, Dover Publications, Inc., New York. Published in two volumes.

Hume, Ivor Noël (1969) The Artifacts of Colonial America, Alfred A. Knopf, New York.

Jones, Olive R. (1971) “Glass Bottle Push-Ups and Pontil Marks.” Historical Archaeology, vol 5:62-73.

Kenmotsu, Nancy (1990) “Gunflints: A Study”, Historical Archaeology, vol 24(2): 92-124.

McCausland, R. Robert and Cynthia MacAlman McCausland, editors (1992) The Diary of Martha Ballard 1785, Maine Genealogical Society Special Publication No. 1, Picton Press, Camden Maine.

Maloney, Beatrice (1972) “Traditional Herbal Cures in County Cavan: part 1.” Ulster Folklife, The Ulster Folk and Transport Museum, Belfast.

Miller, Orloff (1991) “Archaeological Investigations at Salterstown, County Londonderry Northern Ireland”, Dissertation (PhD), University of Pennsyvania.

Moloey, Michael F. (1919) Irish Ethno-botany and the Evolution of Medicine in Ireland, M. H. Gill & Sons, Dublin.

Price, R. (1984) “Distinguishing “R.Tippet’ Pipes”, Society for Clay Pipe Research Newsletter, vol. 1, (January): 5-6.

Riddiford, Naomi Grace (2016) “Pollen analysis results Andrew and Jane McFadden Homestead (1718-1722) Maine”, prepared for Crane & Morrison Archaeology, Freeport, Maine.

Sidell, Nancy Asch (2016) “Somersett Site (ME 049-002): Plant Remains”, Report prepared by Archeobotanical Consulting, Oakland, Maine for Crane & Morrison Archaeology, Freeport, Maine.

Thirsk, Joan (2006) Food in Early Modern England Phases, Fads, Fashions, 1500-1760, Hambledon Continuum, London.

Watkins, C. M. (1900) “North Devon Pottery and its Export to America in the Seventeenth Century U. S.”, National Museum Bulletin, No. 225, pp. 17-59. Pittsburgh. Walker, Ian C. (1977) “Clay Tobacco Pipes, with Particular Reference to the Bristol Industry”, National Historical Parks and Sites Branch, Department of Indian Affairs,

Ottawa. In four volumes. First settling in Boston Massachusetts the colony spread from Connecticut New Hampshire and Maine by 1643 there were three or four counties

The pages above are reproduced from: “1718-2018, Reflections on 300 years of the Scots- Irish in Maine”
printed following the academic conference held at Bowdoin College, Maine in August 2018.
© 2019 Maine Ulster-Scots Project and the Ulster-Scots Agency

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